The international system in the new millennium

 What kind of world order is now emerging? This is Georg Sorensen inquiry through a contemporary attempt to explain debate confusion depicting a new world order. He argues that any comprehensive analysis of order must address four major aspects or dimensions of the phenomena. They include (a) the realist concern of the politico-military balance of war; (b) the liberal concern of the make-up of international institutions and emergence of global governance; (c) the constructivist concern of the realm of ideas and ideology, with a focus on the existence or otherwise of common values on a global scale; and (d) the IPE (International Political Economy) concern of the economic realm of production, finance and distribution. He defines the new balance as an ‘interregnum’ since a stable order has not been established but significant elements of the old order stay in place. Sorensen goes on to discuss the consequences of the new situation by briefly looking into the four aspects.

Looking at order during the cold war, he observes that “order during the cold war was a discernible pattern”, characterized by bipolarity foundation, military competition between the two superpowers and their respective allies including a ‘west-west and a north-south order. The western order, based on the American hegemony and the Breton woods system’. The south-north order is also based on the process of decolonization and entry of the newly independent states into the system of the UN organization.

Sorensen defines world order as, “a governing arrangement among states, meeting the current demand for order in major areas of concern” from this definition he First focuses on world order in a generic sense, in contrast to the use of the term by some politicians, who use it as a description or justification for certain policies they want to promote. Some scholars use the concept to describe the specific foreign policies of certain government administrations. Visions of order, including the foreign policies based on such visions, have shown inputs to the debate about the proper world order; they are not in themselves  order substance.

Second, not every governing arrangement among states can qualify as a world order according to the definition. To qualify, such an arrangement needs to meet the current demand for order in major areas. In that sense, the analysis of world order has a normative aspect: does the governing arrangement that exists meet the aspirations about order expressed by states? Third, the focus is on world order, that is, on the global level. Many governing arrangements are sub global, and concern a region or even smaller groups of states. Such arrangements, such as the European Union (EU), together with the domestic arrangements of states, are not unimportant for world order, but they are conditions for world order and not world order as such.

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Capability of organization data information collection

Car and general ability to capture data or information specifically for pricing and price management has never been put in place. Data and information has only been done generally in all organization parameters thus there has been a serious pricing data collection as car and general market executives and sales people are responsible for the giving of red-light i.e. relaying information only meetings which are held very Monday morning.

Need to develop database

The need to develop a database is however recognized to bring out the organizations ability to capture data. As earlier discussed car and general is in no place whatsoever to collect information. Creation of a database will make sure that all useful data or information collected effectively.

The database should often be reviewed and support to test its ability in the collect of data especially the pricing and price management are. It should however encompass collection of data or information from the different perspective like competitive pricing friends in the market, market growth and pricing mechanisms/ strategies which competitors use among others

The database itself should avoid complicated as most do become a success due to the following qualities;

a)      Simplicity

b)      Understandable

c)      Cost effective  etc

THE CONS OF GLOBALIZATION

Many national parks are being loved to death bogy crowds who visit them annually. Crowded conditions exist in many parks especially close to the urban areas such as Shenandoah, Virginia and the most famous parks such as Yellowstone and Yosemite. With these crowds there comes the problem of over use. The national parks and conservation association (NPCA), reported that throughout the mid to late 1980s park visits increased about 4% annually roughly a few million more visits each year. Urban units such as Golden gate National recreation area near San Francisco are under even greater pressure. Visits to these units are increasing at about 10% every year. In 1980, on estimation, 252 million recreations visits to park systems; by the year 2010 the number of visits expected to increase to rise to 500 million. Also due to crowds, the visitors suffer as often campsites litter, noise, traffic jam, water pollution and smog caused by automobile exhaust greet the visitor who come to the park precisely, is escape those conditions. Also crime (especially vandalism) and drug abuse are becoming significant problems in some park units, particularly those near urban areas. The wildlife within the parks gets threatened by diminishing or insufficient habitat, elimination by predators, and poaching. Also some of the parks are too small to support the viable population of large animals. With valuable game species and rare plants rapidly disappearing from the private lands, poachers have set their sights on the national parks. For instance the park rangers in Alaska consider trophy hunting as the chief threat to wildlife in those units and poaching cited by Managers of many parks nationwide as a serious and growing threat.

Targets for poachers include black bear, in the great smoky mountains national parks; grizzly bear, elk, golden eagle in Yellowstone; brow bear wolf and mouse in Alaska Katmai and Denali; wild ginseng a medicinal her in Shenandoah; and the cactus, rare snakes and rare lizards in saguaro and organ pipe national monuments. In recent years, the concessions system has increasingly come under fire. Concessionaires are private business licensed to sell goods and services such as food and hotel spaces in the national park. Facilities in some park units are not well maintained and park visitors often complain in the over commercialization prevalent by some concessionaires diminish the aesthetic quality of the areas. Critics maintain that concessionaires are not required to return a high

Ethical Dilemmas faced by Managers today

Managerial prerogative is a thorny issue in the human resources discourses, especially when one examines it within on ethics. Increasingly employees are largely dissatisfied with their bosses yet studies that encompass management studies and research are on the rise.  While some argument thrust that managers have done their role by stamping their authority, others reckon that privileges have been over-emphasized and abused. For the managers who over-stamp their authority and power, increased criticism from their juniors’ makes a number of them whole-up, timid, aggressive and indifferent.

With the hard economic times in consideration, employers pile pressure on employees to deliver, with managers being the crux in pendulum. Increasingly, managers experience ambivalence trying to please both sides, choosing predominantly the former.  Therefore, some bully other employees in the lower rank, thus the rising term called Workplace Bullying or Narcissism

in total  management of employees is the mandate of managers. This includes employee choice and recruitment, their classification and determination of compensation.  Beyond this, managers should instantiate employee training and capacity development besides facilitating negotiations for payment agreements and other relevant harmonization, besides initiating other corporate social responsibilities. Broadly, the phenomenon of managers’ dilemmas is broadly conceptualized overstepping their mandate in the following ways:

Today, a number of companies employ people without formalized accord and some do so at ‘at-will contracts’ interestingly, a few managers take advantage of this unfortunate affair. It is not surprising witnessing managers terminating employees for any reason they believe fit, sometimes basing their decisions on pure discrimination and ‘whistle-blowing’. This largely creates conflict in the work place and is a great violation of ethical standards. Various reports show that a good number of managers are exhibiting harassment on their subordinates, some sexual . No wonder, a number of acts and pieces of legislations the world over have prohibit discriminatory harassment including sexual harassment.

The other area where managers seem to overstep their boundaries and experience dilemma is when managing the customer relationship and employee interaction. Related to this is placing bottlenecks of employees’ communication with clients and sometimes within themselves. This is usually tailored around the ‘ebb and flow’ of communication as defined by the management. Sometimes managers consciously or unconsciously inhibit the flow of communication between workers to promote witch-hunting and cause incitement.  Most of them are not aware of the fundamental need associated with dealing with this and sometimes base their fear and defensive action on their insecurities and inferiority complex.

What is public speaking?

A public speaking is a process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, inspire or entertain the listeners. Public speaking concerns ranges from a generalized worry over not being prepared to being downright terrified before stepping on stage. Therefore, public speaking is an instrumental art and a useful art that is also a skill which can be applied by an individual to better ones life, the entire family and even the society at large. To get back to the genesis of public speaking, we explore the ancient Sicily, then under the Greek control. It was during this period that the art of speaking began to be taught because of a serious practical need. According to Roswell L. Atwood, the people had just obtained their freedom from a dictator by the name Thrasybulus who took all estates of the so called his enemies and distributed them among his best friends. When later, the dictator was overthrown, the original estate possessors came forward with their claims and the courts of law were full of people demanding their rightful possessions.

It was here that the usual practice was for parties to handle the lawsuits themselves without being represented by a lawyer. So, each and every person was to conduct his own case in a court of law, stating and arguing in accordance with his ability. Those who stood better chance were plausible and eloquent citizens because they could easily secure their rights while the diffident neighbor would easily get no justice. It was this inequality in speaking ability that inspired a man named Corax to offer instructions in some of the points of law and to assist the ordinary citizen argue his case out before the court of law.

             A valid claim might be made by for an estate left in inheritance before the dictatorship but proof beyond reasonable doubt would have to be produced. Therefore, Corax helped clients in the ordinary presentation of their claims thereby arranging the details of the procedure, collecting documents and evidence until he made sure that justice was done and the rule of the law uphold. But most of his activity was instruction in speaking so as to appeal to the sense of justice.